1 Paul Gladston, “International curatorial practice and the problematic de-territorialisation of the “identity” show: A comparative analysis”, Triennial City: Localising Asian Art, in Kennedy, Beccy, Alnoor Mitha and Leon Wainwright, eds., (Manchester: Cornerhouse Publications, 2014), 21.
2 Kim Hong-hee, The 6th Gwangju Biennale 2006 from the Perspectives of ‘Shift of Centre, Conference paper for the College Art Association 94th Annual Conference, February 2006, Boston MA, USA, 22-25.
3 Kennedy, Beccy, Alnoor Mitha and Leon Wainwright, “Triennial City: An Introduction”, Triennial City: Localising Asian Art, in Kennedy, Beccy, Alnoor Mitha and Leon Wainwright, eds., (Manchester: Cornerhouse Publications, 2014), 2.
4 Marsha Meskimmon), “The Promise of Cosmopolitanism: Art, Ethics and Imagination in a Global World – a positional parlay,” Conference paper for New Asian Imaginations, (Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts, September 2011), 19-21.
5 Rob Wilson, “Cosmopolitics: Thinking and Feeling Beyond the Nation,” A New Cosmopolitanism is in the Air, in Cheah, Pheng and Bruce Robbins, eds., (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1998), 355.
6 Dean Forbes, “Globalisation, postcolonialism and new representations of the Pacific Asian metropolis,” Globalisation and the Asia-Pacific: Contested Territories, in Kris Olds, Philip F. Kelly, Lily Kong, Henry Wai-Chung Yeung and Peter Dicken, eds., (London and New York: Routledge, 1999), 239.
7 Roland Robertson, Globalisation: Social Theory and Global Culture, (London: Sage, 1992)
8 Gladston, op. cit., 19.
9 Asia Art Archive, https://www.aaa.org.hk/onlineprojects/bitri/en, (accessed on 1 March, 2025).
10 Gladston, op cit., 22.
11 Jen Webb, “Art in a Globalised State,” Art and Social Change: Contemporary Art in Asia and the Pacific, in Caroline Turner, ed., (Canberra: Pandanus Books, 2005), 42.
12 Ibid., 30.
13 Niru Ratnam, “Globalization and art,” Oxford Art Online, (24 February 2010), https://www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/grove/art/T2086277, (accessed March 26, 2025).
14 Ibid.
15 Arif Dirlik, “The Postcolonial Aura: Third World Criticism in the Age of Global Capitalism,” Critical Inquiry 20, (1994): 332.
16 Kim, op. cit.
17 John Clark, “Contemporary Asian Art at Biennales and Triennales: The 2005 Venice Biennale and Fukuoka Asian Triennale, the Sigg Collection, and the Yokohama and Guangzhou Triennales,” in CAA Reviews, Issue 9, (4 September 2006): 7-22.
18 Choy Lee Wang, “Barely Alive: Funding for Independent Art in Singapore,” in Art Asia Pacific 47, (2006), 26
19 “All You Want to Know about International Art Biennials,” Asian Art Archive, https://www.aaa.org.hk/onlineprojects/bitri/en, (accessed 19 September, 2013).
20 Homi k. Bhabha, “Introduction: Narrating the Nation,” Nation and Narration, in Bhabha, Homi K, ed., (London and New York: Routledge, 1990), 1.
21 Terence Chong, Southeast Asia Background Series No9: Modernisation Trends in Southeast Asia, (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2005), 29.
22 Beccy Kennedy, “Pavilioning Manchester: boundaries of the local, national and global at the Asia Triennial,” in Open Arts Journal, Issue 2, 2013, https://openartsjournal.org/issue-2/2013w10bk, (accessed 27 February, 2025), 3.
23 Alnoor Mitha, “Shisha and the First Asia Triennial Manchester”, Asia Art Archive, (1 September, 2007), https://aaa.org.hk/en/like-a-fever/like-a-fever/shisha-and-the-first-asia-triennial-manchester, (accessed March 4, 2025).
24 Manchester Metropolitan University, “Asia Triennial Manchester”, REF2014 Research Excellence Framework, https://ref2014impact.azurewebsites.net/casestudies2/refservice.svc/GetCaseStudyPDF/43531, (accessed March 3, 2025).